Fig. 4. Effects of Agastache rugosa extract (ARE) and tilianin on inflammatory response in C2C12 myotubes. C2C12 myotubes were simultaneously exposed to tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, 50 ng/mL) along with ARE (40 and 80 μg/mL) or tilianin (20 and 40 μM). Western blot analysis was used to assess the protein expression levels of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in response to (A) ARE and (B) tilianin. α-Tubulin served as the internal control. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in response to (C) ARE and (D) tilianin. β-Actin served as the internal control. Experimental results were presented as the mean±SD. Significant differences were assessed using Duncan’s multiple range test. ##P<0.01 (control group vs. TNF-α group); **P<0.01 (TNF-α group vs. ARE or tilianin group).
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