Fig. 7. Possible mechanism of Brassica oleracea in the treatment of di-abetes complications. The main active compounds isothiocyanate and sulforaphane inhibit oxidation and glucose metabolism via the Nrf2 receptor. NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; ARE, antioxidant response element; HO-1, heme oxygenase-1; SOD, superoxide dismutase; GST, glutathi-one S-transferase; ROS, reactive oxygen species; PKC, protein kinase C; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase; IRS1, insulin receptor substrate-1; GRB2, growth factor receptor–bound protein 2; PKB, protein kinase B; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

Prev Nutr Food Sci 2022;27:50~62 https://doi.org/10.3746/pnf.2022.27.1.50